Glossary

Side effects that prevent a dose from being increased further in a trial.

A ratio comparing the toxic dose of a drug to its effective dose, used to assess safety.

A trial design where participants are assigned to different treatment groups that run simultaneously.

A trial designed to show that a new treatment is not worse than an existing treatment.

A study conducted after a clinical trial to gather additional data about long-term outcomes.

The accuracy and reliability of data collected during a clinical trial.

The document that outlines the objectives, design, and methodology of a clinical trial.

A break between treatments in a trial to allow the effects of one treatment to wear off.

A trial designed to test how well a treatment works in real-world conditions.

A trial designed to test how well a treatment works under controlled conditions.

The duties of the lead researcher, including ensuring participant safety and study compliance.

A treatment or device being studied in a clinical trial.

Additional outcomes measured to evaluate other effects of the treatment.

When a participant decides to stop participating in a trial and withdraws permission to use their data.